Mavlonov was born in 1975. In 2002, he graduated from the Tashkent State Law Institute (Currently, Tashkent State University of Law).

He began his career in the Davlatabad district in 2002, held various positions in the prosecutor's office of the Namangan region.

Previously, Mavlonov served as Deputy Prosecutor General of Uzbekistan, Head of the Department for Combating Tax, Currency Crimes and Money Laundering under the Prosecutor General’s Office, Prosecutor of the Khorezm region, Deputy Prosecutor of the Syrdarya region.